{"id":137,"date":"2013-08-14T10:27:09","date_gmt":"2013-08-14T10:27:09","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/businessculture.org\/de\/?page_id=137"},"modified":"2013-11-15T16:19:49","modified_gmt":"2013-11-15T16:19:49","slug":"italy","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/businessculture.org\/cz\/southern-europe\/italy\/","title":{"rendered":"Italy (It\u00e1lie)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright\" alt=\"Italy-flag-140\" src=\"http:\/\/businessculture.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/06\/Italy-flag-140.png\" width=\"140\" height=\"93\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Firemn\u00ed etiketa \u2013 postoje k cizinc\u016fm<\/h2>\n<p>Italov\u00e9 jsou k cizinc\u016fm velmi p\u0159\u00e1tel\u0161t\u00ed, d\u016fvodem je pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b fakt, \u017ee je It\u00e1lie obl\u00edbenou turistickou destinac\u00ed a zahrani\u010dn\u00ed n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edci jsou \u010dasto uchv\u00e1ceni kulturou, kr\u00e1sou p\u0159\u00edrody a historick\u00fdmi pam\u00e1tkami.<\/p>\n<p>V\u0161eobecn\u011b se mezi Italy nevyskytuj\u00ed z\u00e1sadn\u00ed p\u0159edsudky k cizinc\u016fm, a\u010dkoliv, mohou se zde objevit n\u00e1znaky rasismu. T\u00e9matem sou\u010dasn\u00fdch politick\u00fdch debat je tak\u00e9 ot\u00e1zka imigrant\u016f (volebn\u00ed pr\u00e1vo, ro\u010dn\u00ed limit pro po\u010det imigrant\u016f atd.)<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>V\u0161eobecn\u00e9 vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h2>\n<p>V It\u00e1lii maj\u00ed 3let\u00e9 d\u011bti mo\u017enost nav\u0161t\u011bvovat p\u0159ed\u0161koln\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed Scuole dell\u00b4infanzia. Od dovr\u0161en\u00ed 6 let nastupuj\u00ed povinnou \u0161koln\u00ed doch\u00e1zku. Ta se v It\u00e1lii v sou\u010dasnosti zvedla na 10 let.<\/p>\n<p>Prvn\u00ed stupe\u0148 (scuola primaria) nav\u0161t\u011bvuj\u00ed d\u011bti ve v\u011bku 6 &#8211; 11 let. Star\u0161\u00ed (do 16 let) chod\u00ed na \u201eni\u017e\u0161\u00ed st\u0159edn\u00ed \u0161kolu&#8221; scuola secondaria di l grado. Povinn\u00e9 vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed je v It\u00e1lii bezplatn\u00e9 a d\u011bti nav\u0161t\u011bvuj\u00ed, v\u011bt\u0161inou, nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00ed \u0161kolu ve sv\u00e9m bydli\u0161ti.<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159i p\u0159echodu na \u201edruh\u00fd stupe\u0148&#8221; dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed \u017e\u00e1ci jen z\u00e1v\u011bre\u010dn\u00e9 hodnocen\u00ed, jeliko\u017e od ned\u00e1vn\u00e9 doby je \u201eprvn\u00ed a druh\u00fd stupe\u0148&#8221; sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed jednoho studijn\u00edho cyklu. Na konci druh\u00e9ho stupn\u011b skl\u00e1daj\u00ed studenti st\u00e1tn\u00ed zkou\u0161ku, kter\u00e1 je nezbytnou podm\u00ednkou pro p\u0159ijet\u00ed na dal\u0161\u00ed stupn\u011b vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed. Ve \u0161kole m\u016f\u017ee \u010dlov\u011bk z\u016fstat do 16 let, dokon\u010dit si tak povinnou \u0161koln\u00ed doch\u00e1zku, a se studiem skon\u010dit. Pokud ale chce studovat d\u00e1l, pokra\u010duje na \u201est\u0159en\u00ed \u0161kole&#8221; od 14 let.<\/p>\n<p>St\u0159edn\u00ed vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed v It\u00e1lii m\u00e1 n\u011bkolik \u201eodno\u017e\u00ed&#8221;, sm\u011br\u016f. M\u016f\u017eete (v r\u00e1mci 10let\u00e9tho povinn\u00e9ho vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed) z\u00edskat klasick\u00e9 vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed, vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed um\u011bleck\u00e9ho sm\u011bru, technick\u00e9ho nebo praktick\u00e9ho zam\u011b\u0159en\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>University jsou rozd\u011bleny podle fakult a poskytuj\u00ed titul \u201eLaurea\u201c<\/p>\n<p>D\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed syst\u00e9m poskytl univerzitn\u00ed diplom za 4 nebo 5 let studia s p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00fdm navazuj\u00edc\u00edm doktorsk\u00fdm studiem, nov\u00e1 regulace z roku 1999 p\u0159edstavila t\u0159i \u00farovn\u011b akademick\u00fdch titul\u016f: z\u00e1kladn\u00ed t\u0159\u00edlet\u00fd diplom, specializovan\u00fd navazuj\u00edc\u00ed dvoulet\u00fd a PhD titul.<\/p>\n<p>Vysoko\u0161kolsk\u00e9 vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed je dopln\u011bno mno\u017estv\u00edm soukrom\u00fdch i ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch postgraduu\u00e1ln\u00edch kurz\u016f, kter\u00e9 se naz\u00fdvaj\u00ed \u201eMaster\u201c.<\/p>\n<p>Po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e1 a gramotnost a znalost ciz\u00edch jazyk\u016f v\u0161eobecn\u011b zaost\u00e1v\u00e1 u star\u0161\u00ed generace, ta mlad\u0161\u00ed v\u0161ak tento stav d\u00edky povinn\u00e9 v\u00fduce IT a ciz\u00edch jazyk\u016f na v\u0161ech vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edch stupn\u00edch vylep\u0161uje.<\/p>\n<p>Mlad\u0161\u00ed generaci tak\u00e9 velmi zaj\u00edm\u00e1 cestov\u00e1n\u00ed do zahrani\u010d\u00ed a v\u00fdm\u011bnn\u00e9 kurzy, mnoho Ital\u016f se tak p\u0159ipojuje ke studijn\u00edm program\u016fm v r\u00e1mci projekt\u016f EU, aby zde dokon\u010dili sv\u00e1 vysoko\u0161kolsk\u00e1 studia \u010di pokra\u010dovali ve v\u00fdzkumn\u00fdch projektech na jin\u00fdch evropsk\u00fdch univerzit\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Firemn\u00ed komunikace &#8211; vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed kontaktu<\/h2>\n<p>Schopnost pou\u017e\u00edvat p\u0159i komunikaci spr\u00e1vn\u00fd jazyk a gesta je velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1, obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b pak v It\u00e1lii. Gestikulace a osobn\u00ed kontakt je hlavn\u00edm rysem italsk\u00fdch konverzac\u00ed. Pokud budete ustupovat, \u010di si udr\u017eovat velkou vzd\u00e1lenost, bude to pova\u017eov\u00e1no za nevl\u00eddn\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed. Italov\u00e9 se \u010dasto \u0159\u00edd\u00ed sv\u00fdmi pocity a d\u016fv\u011bra je proto velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 p\u0159i vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed dobr\u00e9ho obchodn\u00edho vztahu. Nesna\u017ete se b\u00fdt b\u011bhem jedn\u00e1n\u00ed nal\u00e9hav\u00ed, \u201ctla\u010den\u00ed na pilu\u201d je pova\u017eov\u00e1no za drzost a slabost. Nez\u00e1vazn\u00e1 konverzace na t\u00e9ma italsk\u00e9 j\u00eddlo, um\u011bn\u00ed, m\u00f3du \u010di sport je v\u00edt\u00e1na.<\/p>\n<p>Prvn\u00ed kontaktovan\u00ed italsk\u00e9ho obchodn\u00edho partnera by m\u011blo prob\u011bhnout form\u00e1ln\u011b: za\u0161lete email, zavolejte nebo po\u0161lete fax.<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159ed ned\u00e1vnou dobou za\u010dali Italov\u00e9 k propagaci sv\u00fdch spole\u010dnost\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edvat soci\u00e1ln\u00ed m\u00e9dia jako LinkedIn a prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm tohoto komunika\u010dn\u00edho n\u00e1stroje bylo tak\u00e9 iniciov\u00e1no mno\u017estv\u00ed obchodn\u00edch sch\u016fzek.<\/p>\n<p>Berte tak\u00e9 na v\u011bdom\u00ed, \u017ee po prvn\u00edm kontaktu preferuj\u00ed Italov\u00e9 osobn\u00ed jedn\u00e1n\u00ed sp\u00ed\u0161e ne\u017e komunikaci p\u0159es telefon, fax nebo email.<\/p>\n<p>Pokud nemluv\u00edte italsky, sd\u011blte tuto informaci jasn\u011b ve va\u0161em dopise, emailu \u010di faxu a oznamte, v jak\u00e9m jazyce jste si p\u0159i komunikaci jist\u00ed. Ital\u0161t\u00ed podnikatel\u00e9 \u010dasto anglicky nemluv\u00ed a jsou p\u0159ipraveni vyu\u017e\u00edt slu\u017eeb profesion\u00e1ln\u00edch p\u0159ekladatel\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Firemn\u00ed etiketa \u2013 obchodn\u00ed jedn\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h2>\n<p>Nejlep\u0161\u00ed cestou p\u0159i organizov\u00e1n\u00ed a \u00fa\u010dasti na obchodn\u00edch sch\u016fzk\u00e1ch v It\u00e1lii je chovat se \u201cm\u00edstn\u011b\u201d, v\u00e1\u0161 obchodn\u00ed partner t\u00edm ocen\u00ed va\u0161i kulturn\u00ed vn\u00edmavost. Bu\u010fte p\u0159ipraven\u00ed na dlouh\u00e1 jedn\u00e1n\u00ed, vyjedn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed jsou veden\u00e1 pomalu: jak z d\u016fvodu italsk\u00e9 rozv\u00e1\u017enosti a opatrnosti p\u0159i vyhodnocov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdhod a nev\u00fdhod obchodu, tak z d\u016fvodu hierarchick\u00e9ho rozhodovac\u00edho procesu v italsk\u00fdch spole\u010dnostech.<\/p>\n<p>Jedn\u00e1n\u00ed b\u011b\u017en\u011b kon\u010d\u00ed pozv\u00e1n\u00edm na ob\u011bd v pe\u010dliv\u011b vybran\u00e9 restauraci, kter\u00e9 je dobrou cestou k vybudov\u00e1n\u00ed bli\u017e\u0161\u00edho vztahu.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; Firemn\u00ed etiketa \u2013 postoje k cizinc\u016fm Italov\u00e9 jsou k cizinc\u016fm velmi p\u0159\u00e1tel\u0161t\u00ed, d\u016fvodem je pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b fakt, \u017ee je It\u00e1lie obl\u00edbenou turistickou destinac\u00ed a zahrani\u010dn\u00ed n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edci jsou \u010dasto uchv\u00e1ceni kulturou, kr\u00e1sou p\u0159\u00edrody a historick\u00fdmi pam\u00e1tkami. V\u0161eobecn\u011b se mezi Italy nevyskytuj\u00ed z\u00e1sadn\u00ed p\u0159edsudky k cizinc\u016fm, a\u010dkoliv, mohou se zde objevit n\u00e1znaky rasismu. T\u00e9matem sou\u010dasn\u00fdch politick\u00fdch debat &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/businessculture.org\/cz\/southern-europe\/italy\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Italy (It\u00e1lie)<\/span> <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":35,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-137","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Italy (It\u00e1lie) - Business Culture Czech Republic<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/businessculture.org\/cz\/southern-europe\/italy\/\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/businessculture.org\\\/cz\\\/southern-europe\\\/italy\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/businessculture.org\\\/cz\\\/southern-europe\\\/italy\\\/\",\"name\":\"Italy (It\u00e1lie) - 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